Immunization

INTRODUCTION: -

Immunization is the most effective way of protecting the human body from infection disease. Immunization is a process by which an individual's immune system becomes fortified by vaccine against an agent. Immunization program are an integral and important part of the health activities of every county in the world.

OBJECTIVE OF IMMUNIZATION: -

Immunization is the process whereby person in made immune or resistant to an infectious disease, typically by the administration of a vaccine. Vaccine stimulates the body's subsequent infection.

1.Reducing infant mortality rate: - This objective can be achieved by giving vaccine against TB, polio, tetanus, diphtheria, whooping cough, and diarrhoea, hepatitis B, haemophilus influenza, mumps, measles, rubella, Japanese encephalitis.

2. Reducing maternal mortality rate: - By immunization program the pregnant women no. of maternal death can be reduced to large extant.

3. Controlling the infections of disease to their carrier.

4. Increasing the health levels and life expectancy of citizen by generating prophylaxis against disease.

Babies are born with some natural immunity which they get from their mother and through breast feeding

This gradually wears off as the baby's own immune system start to develop.

Having child objective of the Immunization give extra protection against illness.

IMPORTANCE OF IMMUNIZATION: -

Immunization forms one of the most important and cost effective strategies for the prevention of childhood sickness and disabilities thus the basic need for all children.

Vaccine is totally safe and effective.

     BCG-for Tuberculosis infectious disease of lungs

     OPV for Polio Nerve paralysis

     Pentavalent - for Diphtheria -nose and throat infection

     Pertussis-sever attack of irritating cough

     Tetanus - muscular rigidity with painful spasm

     Influenza - cough, chills, sweating, chest pain, Fever, excessive tiredness

     Hepatitis B - liver infection

     Rota virus- for Diarrhoea - loose stool

     Measles - fever, cough, rashes, running nose, watery eyes

     Vitamin A-For blindness

PLACE OF IMMUNIZATION: -

     Vaccination is done by professional by free of cost at various place i.e

     Hospital, CHC, PHC, subcenter, aganwadi or at a place schedule as national immunization program.

SIDE EFFECT OF IMMUNIZATION: -

Ø  Fever 1-2 days after thee shoot

Ø  Soreness, redness and swelling at the injection site.

Ø  Fatigue, Headache, Muscle or joints pain, Severe allergic reactions

Ø  Fainting

CARE OF SIDE EFFECTS: -

·        Given anti fever medicine.

·        Take the most clothes off or dress lightly.

·        Give child plenty fluid

·        Apply a cold compress at the site of injection

·        Do not wrap child in blanket.

AVOID IMMUNIZATION: -

Ø  The child has high fever.

Ø  He has a had reaction to another immunization.

Ø  He has had convulsion in the past.

Ø  He has treatment for cancer.

Ø  He has any illness which affects the immune system.

Ø  He has taking medicine which affects the immune system.

Summary:

This topic is summarized by definition, importance, immunization schedule, side effect of immunization.   

CONCLUSION: -

Immunization is process of improving resistance power of body by vaccine , to fight against infections disease that spread one person to another very quickly.